[The application of energy adjustment models in nutritional epidemiology].

The energy adjustment models in nutritional epidemiological studies could substantially reduce the confounding effect of total energy intake from the intake of dietary components, and it could explore the real relationship between the intake of dietary component and research outcomes. Four energy adjustment models were introduced in this article, including the standard multivariate model, multivariate nutrient residual model, energy partition model, and multivariate nutrient density model. The four energy adjustment models were applied to analyze the association between the intake of saturated fatty acids and the risk of all-cause mortality based on the data of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The consistent results of different energy adjustment models could indicate that the four models could better control the confounding effect of total energy intake.在营养流行病学研究中使用能量控制模型能够从膳食组分摄入量中排除总能量摄入的混杂作用，探究膳食组分摄入与研究结局之间的真实关联。本文介绍了标准多元模型、营养素残差模型、能量分解模型和多元营养素密度模型四种能量控制模型。并以美国国家健康和营养调查研究数据为例，分别采用各种能量控制模型分析饱和脂肪酸摄入量与全因死亡率之间的关联，比较不同能量控制模型的分析结果。分析显示各种能量控制模型结果基本一致，均能较好地控制能量摄入水平的影响。.