First Report of Sea Buckthorn Stem Wilt Caused by Fusarium sporotrichioides in Gansu, China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 12First Report of Sea Buckthorn Stem Wilt Caused by Fusarium sporotrichioides in Gansu, China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Sea Buckthorn Stem Wilt Caused by Fusarium sporotrichioides in Gansu, ChinaBo Xia, Yue Liang, Jian Zhong Hu, Xiao Ling Yan, Li Qing Yin, Yue Chen, Jian Yang Hu, Dong Wei Zhang, and Yuan Hua WuBo Xiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9513-739XCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China, Yue LiangM&F (Beijing) Soil and Water Technology Company Ltd., Beijing 100038, China, Jian Zhong HuChina National Administration Center for Seabuckthorn Development, Beijing 100038, China, Xiao Ling YanXifeng Scientific Experimental Station for Soil and Water Conservation, Water Conservancy Commission of the Yellow River, Qingyang, Gansu 745000, China, Li Qing YinM&F (Beijing) Soil and Water Technology Company Ltd., Beijing 100038, China, Yue ChenCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China, Jian Yang HuCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China, Dong Wei ZhangLiaoning Institute of Dryland Agriculture and Forestry, Chaoyang, Liaoning 122000, China, and Yuan Hua Wu†Corresponding author: Y. H. Wu; E-mail Address: wuyh09@syau.edu.cnCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Bo Xia1 Yue Liang2 Jian Zhong Hu3 Xiao Ling Yan4 Li Qing Yin2 Yue Chen1 Jian Yang Hu1 Dong Wei Zhang5 Yuan Hua Wu1 † 1College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, China 2M&F (Beijing) Soil and Water Technology Company Ltd., Beijing 100038, China 3China National Administration Center for Seabuckthorn Development, Beijing 100038, China 4Xifeng Scientific Experimental Station for Soil and Water Conservation, Water Conservancy Commission of the Yellow River, Qingyang, Gansu 745000, China 5Liaoning Institute of Dryland Agriculture and Forestry, Chaoyang, Liaoning 122000, China Published Online:25 Nov 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-21-0627-PDNAboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is an important deciduous shrub for fruit and ecological restoration in arid and semiarid regions of China. Twelve Chinese and Russian cultivars (cv. Shenqiuhong, eshi01, … eshi11) were planted in an approximately 0.65-ha in a seedling nursery, located in Qingyang, Gansu Province, in northwest China, where high mortality (more than 70%) of sea buckthorn was observed in late July 2019. Symptoms consisted of massive chlorosis, drooping leaves, and dried-up stems on 5-year-old trees. Pieces of tree roots and stems with irregular light-brown discoloration in the xylem vessels were selected. Small pieces of discolored tissue were surface disinfested (1 min in 1% sodium hypochlorite, followed by three rinses with sterile distilled water), air-dried, and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for 5 days at 25°C in the dark. A fungus was consistently isolated from both diseased roots and stems tissues. Colonies on PDA grew rapidly. Dense mycelia were pinkish-white initially and became carmine red with age on the undersurface of the plate. Macroconidia were moderately curved, 3 to 5 marked septa, hyaline, thick walled, and measured 27.8 ± 3.6 µm × 4.8 ± 0.5 µm (n = 30). Microconidia were abundant, pear-shaped, ellipsoid to fusoid, often with a papilla at the base, and 8.4 ± 2.2 µm × 3.1 ± 0.3 µm (n = 30). Genomic DNA was extracted for amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1 and ITS4 primers) (White et al. 1990) of the ribosomal DNA (accession nos. MN160235 to MN160238) and translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1 and EF2 primers, accession nos. MN429075 to MN429078) (O'Donnell et al. 1998). The sequences revealed 99% similarity to the sequences of the ITS (AY188917), and 100% identity with EF1-α (JF740808) regions of Fusarium sporotrichioides. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as F. sporotrichioides (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Koch's postulates were fulfilled on healthy, potted 1-year-old sea buckthorn seedings using two isolates in a greenhouse at 25°C, 90% relative humidity, and 12-h light/dark photoperiod. Ten potted seedings were inoculated on the stems by placing a 5-mm-diameter mycelial plug (5-day-old PDA cultures for each isolate) into the surface of a wound created with a needle, and the inoculation sites were covered with Parafilm to maintain moisture. Ten seedings were inoculated with PDA plugs as controls. Seven to 10 days after inoculation, typical symptoms of dark-brown necrotic lesions on chlorotic leaf margins were observed. About 2 weeks after inoculation, the inoculated stems gradually dried up, accompanied by withering and fallen leaves. Control plants remained asymptomatic. Pathogens were successfully isolated from the inoculated stems again, exhibiting morphological characteristics identical to those of F. sporotrichioides. Previous papers reported F. sporotrichioides as a common pathogen caused lavender wilt (Cosic et al. 2012), foliar spots on forage corn (Moya-Elizondo et al. 2013), and maize ear rot (Wang et al. 2020). To our knowledge, this is the first report of sea buckthorn stem wilt caused by F. sporotrichioides on several Chinese and Russian cultivars in Gansu Province of China. In Heilongjiang Province, the same disease was reported in 2010 (Song et al. 2010), nearly 30° longitude away from Gansu Province. Therefore, this disease appears to be a serious risk for future sea buckthorn production.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Cosic, J., et al. 2012. Plant Dis. 96:591. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-11-1046-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarLeslie, J. F., and Summerell, B. A., eds. 2006. Page 256 in: The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing Professional, Hoboken, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376 Google ScholarMoya-Elizondo, E. A., et al. 2013. Plant Dis. 97:1113. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-12-1120-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarO'Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarSong, R. Q., et al. 2010. Sci. Silvae Sin. 46:88. Google ScholarWang, B. B., et al. 2020. Plant Dis. 104:567. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-19-1669-PDN Link, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Google ScholarFunding: This work was supported by an Earmarked Fund from China National Administration Center for Seabuckthorn Development (2019-zk-kj-012).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 12 December 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionLeaf dieback caused by Stemphylium leaf blight on onion in Elba, New York State (F. Hay et al.). Photo credit: C. A. Hoepting. Symptoms of wilt observed on inflorescences of a coconut tree in Antsohyhi, Madagascar (sample MG16-004) (F. Pilet et al.). Photo credit: F. Pilet. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 23 Jan 2022Published: 25 Nov 2021First Look: 22 Jun 2021Accepted: 17 Jun 2021 Page: 4156 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingChina National Administration Center for Seabuckthorn DevelopmentGrant/Award Number: 2019-zk-kj-012Keywordssea buckthornFusarium sporotrichioidesKoch's postulatespathogenicityThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited ByFirst Report of Sea Buckthorn Stem Wilt Caused by Fusarium proliferatum in Liaoning, ChinaYan Feng Han, Dong Wei Zhang, Yue Liang, Jian Zhong Hu, Jian Yang Hu, Yue Liang, Bo Xia, and Yuan Hua Wu8 April 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 5