Antivenom treatment for snakebite envenoming

Antivenom treatment for snakebite envenoming V enomous snakes are widely distri buted in the world and snakebite envenoming is a medical emergency with high fatality and disability rates 1,2 .Rapid identification and assessment of the patients affected by venomous snakebite, and accurate and timely medical decisionmaking are crucial to save the lives of these patients.In their article, Gutiérrez and colleagues have comprehensively elaborated the epidemiol ogy, clinical manifestations, assessment and treatment strategies of snakebite envenoming (Gutiérrez, J. M. et al.Snakebite envenom ing.Nat.Rev. Dis.Primers 3, 17063 (2017)) 3 .However, after careful literature review, I believe that some supplements need to be made in terms of the indication of antivenom treatment [1][2][3] .Antivenom is the only specific treatment for snakebite envenoming.Monovalent serums are often given to victims of venomous snakebites of known species, and polyvalent