Effect Of Blood Flow Restriction Training On Key Performance Variables Post ACLR: A Case Report

One of the most injured ligaments in the body is that of a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Post-operative quadriceps weakness can persist for years following reconstruction and can alter joint loading and gait mechanics. Asymmetries in lower extremity strength is a known risk factor for re-injury so it is imperative to develop intervention strategies that addresses these impairments for safe return to sport. Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFRT) has been shown to enhance musculoskeletal strength and endurance variables and has been proven to reduce quadriceps atrophy following reconstruction. Implementing BFRT may have benefits after the initial phases of post-operative rehabilitation. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of BFRT on key performance variables in a female soccer player following clearance from ACLR rehabilitation protocol. METHODS: A 17 y/o female soccer player who was cleared for sport underwent 12-weeks of a low-load high-repetition BFRT protocol. An elastic pneumatic BFR system was applied to the upper and lower extremities and sessions were completed twice per week with 3-4 upper and lower extremity exercises performed in each session. Quadriceps girth, muscular endurance, vertical power, and agility measures were taken pre 12-week BFRT protocol and immediately post 12-week BFRT protocol. RESULTS: Improvements were observed in anthropometric measures (quadriceps girth, thigh skin folds) and functional measures (step downs, vertical jump, agility measures) CONCLUSION: A BFRT protocol post ACLR rehabilitation clearance had significant improvements in anthropometric and performance measures. BFRT programs should be integrated throughout ACLR rehabilitation protocols to diminish the effects of quadriceps atrophy and to mitigate strength and performance decrements prior to returning to sport. BFRT protocols that include agility training may enhance sport performance outcomes, reduce re-injury risk and warrants further investigation.