CYP3A4型
毒性
药理学
戒毒(替代医学)
化学
细胞色素P450
代谢物
新陈代谢
遗传毒性
CYP1A2
生物化学
超氧化物歧化酶
酶
生物
医学
替代医学
有机化学
病理
作者
Guoquan You,Ruopeng Yang,Yingjie Wei,Wanyu Hu,Lili Gan,Cong Xie,Zhijie Zheng,Zhongqiu Liu,Rongxin Liao,Ling Ye
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.10.003
摘要
Gelsemine (GA), the principal alkaloid in Gelsemium elegans Benth, exhibits potent and specific antinociception in chronic pain without the induction of apparent tolerance. However, GA also exerts neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity when overdosed, and potential detoxification pathways are urgently needed. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are important phase I enzymes involved in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. The study aimed to investigate the role of CYPs-mediated metabolism in GA-induced toxicity. Microsomes, chemical special inhibitors and human recombinant CYPs indicated that GA was mainly metabolized by CYP3A4/5. The major metabolite of GA was isolated and identified as 4-N-demethyl-GA by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technology. The CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole significantly inhibited the metabolism of GA. This drastically increased GA toxicity which is caused by increasing the level of malondialdehyde and decreasing the level of the superoxide dismutase in mice. In contrast, the CYP3A4 inducer dexamethasone significantly increased GA metabolism and markedly decreased GA toxicity in mice. Notably, in CYP3A4-humanized mice, the toxicity of GA was significantly reduced compared to normal mice. These findings demonstrated that CYP3A4-mediated metabolism is a robust detoxification pathway for GA-induced toxicity.
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