Inhibitory in vitro effects of Basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) leaf extracts on cholesterol esterase activity and the growth of Escherichia coli

The present study was to analyze the in vitro antibacterial activity and the effects on cholesterol esterase activity of the methanol extract from basil leaves and its hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous fractions. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were recorded in the methanol extract. Total 92 compounds were determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry belong to hydrocarbons, fatty acids, alcohols, esters, and phenols which reportedly have a variety of biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic activities. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of the basil methanol extract and its fractions based on the inhibitory concentrations of Escherichia coli at 50 mg/ml. The best results were obtained with the methanol extract, hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions, which exhibited anti-cholesterol esterase activity. Novelty impact statement The highest phenolic content, flavonoid content, and cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity were detected in the methanol extract. Ninety-two compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from Thai Basi. Methanol extract, hexane, and ethyl acetate fractions had strong antibacterial activity at 50 mg/ml.