Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife: a critical perspective

野生动物 生物 疾病 传染病(医学专业) 脊椎动物 野生动物疾病 分类单元 新发传染病 寄主(生物学) 生态学 动物 医学 爆发 病毒学 病理 遗传学 基因
作者
Daniel M. Tompkins,Scott Carver,Menna E. Jones,Martin Krkošek,Lee F. Skerratt
出处
期刊:Trends in Parasitology [Elsevier]
卷期号:31 (4): 149-159 被引量:263
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pt.2015.01.007
摘要

•We critically review the evidence for current vertebrate wildlife disease emergence. •Sufficient data on prior absence or difference are lacking for many infectious agents. •Host exposure to domestic infection sources is the primary driver of fish disease emergence. •Human-assisted exposure to wild infection sources is the primary driver for other taxa. We review the literature to distinguish reports of vertebrate wildlife disease emergence with sufficient evidence, enabling a robust assessment of emergence drivers. For potentially emerging agents that cannot be confirmed, sufficient data on prior absence (or a prior difference in disease dynamics) are frequently lacking. Improved surveillance, particularly for neglected host taxa, geographical regions and infectious agents, would enable more effective management should emergence occur. Exposure to domestic sources of infection and human-assisted exposure to wild sources were identified as the two main drivers of emergence across host taxa; the domestic source was primary for fish while the wild source was primary for other taxa. There was generally insufficient evidence for major roles of other hypothesized drivers of emergence. We review the literature to distinguish reports of vertebrate wildlife disease emergence with sufficient evidence, enabling a robust assessment of emergence drivers. For potentially emerging agents that cannot be confirmed, sufficient data on prior absence (or a prior difference in disease dynamics) are frequently lacking. Improved surveillance, particularly for neglected host taxa, geographical regions and infectious agents, would enable more effective management should emergence occur. Exposure to domestic sources of infection and human-assisted exposure to wild sources were identified as the two main drivers of emergence across host taxa; the domestic source was primary for fish while the wild source was primary for other taxa. There was generally insufficient evidence for major roles of other hypothesized drivers of emergence.

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