医学
前瞻性队列研究
内科学
队列
溃疡性结肠炎
地中海饮食法
队列研究
克罗恩病
体质指数
人口
比例危险模型
低风险
疾病
置信区间
环境卫生
作者
Hamed Khalili,Niclas Håkansson,Simon Chan,Ye Chen,Paul Lochhead,Jonas F. Ludvigsson,Andrew T. Chan,Andrew Hart,Ola Olén,Alicja Wolk
出处
期刊:Gut
[BMJ]
日期:2020-01-03
卷期号:69 (9): 1637-1644
被引量:178
标识
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319505
摘要
Objective To examine the relationship between Mediterranean diet and risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). Design We conducted a prospective cohort study of 83 147 participants (age range: 45–79 years) enrolled in the Cohort of Swedish Men and Swedish Mammography Cohort. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate an adherence score to a modified Mediterranean diet (mMED) at baseline in 1997. Incident diagnoses of CD and UC were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox proportional hazards modelling to calculate HRs and 95% CI. Results Through December of 2017, we confirmed 164 incident cases of CD and 395 incident cases of UC with an average follow-up of 17 years. Higher mMED score was associated with a lower risk of CD (P trend =0.03) but not UC (P trend =0.61). Compared with participants in the lowest category of mMED score (0–2), there was a statistically significant lower risk of CD (HR=0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.80) but not UC (HR=1.08, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.58). These associations were not modified by age, sex, education level, body mass index or smoking (all P interaction >0.30). The prevalence of poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet (mMED score=0–2) was 27% in our cohorts, conferring a population attributable risk of 12% for later-onset CD. Conclusion In two prospective studies, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of later-onset CD.
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