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Feasibility of internal-source tracking with C-arm CT/SPECT imaging with limited-angle projection data for online in vivo dose verification in brachytherapy: A Monte Carlo simulation study

准直器 蒙特卡罗方法 点源 近距离放射治疗 Spect成像 核医学 透视 探测器 跟踪(教育) 伽玛照相机 投影(关系代数) 图像质量 光学 物理 医学 医学物理学 计算机视觉 计算机科学 放射科 算法 图像(数学) 放射治疗 数学 统计 教育学 心理学
作者
Saerom Sung,Minjae Lee,Hee Kyoung Choi,Hyo Jun Park,Bo‐Wi Cheon,Chul Hee Min,Yeon Soo Yeom,Hyemi Kim,Sei Hwan You,Hyun Joon Choi
出处
期刊:Brachytherapy [Elsevier]
卷期号:22 (5): 673-685
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.brachy.2023.05.003
摘要

PURPOSE The current protocol for use of the image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) procedure entails transport of a patient between the treatment room and the 3-D tomographic imaging room after implantation of the applicators in the body, which movement can cause position displacement of the applicator. Moreover, it is not possible to track 3-D radioactive source movement inside the body, even though there can be significant inter- and intra-fractional patient-setup changes. In this paper, therefore, we propose an online single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging technique with a combined C-arm fluoroscopy X-ray system and attachable parallel-hole collimator for internal radioactive source tracking of every source position in the applicator. METHODS AND MATERIALS In the present study, using Geant4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, the feasibility of high-energy gamma detection with a flat-panel detector for X-ray imaging was assessed. Further, a parallel-hole collimator geometry was designed based on an evaluation of projection image quality for a 192Ir point source, and 3-D limited-angle SPECT-image-based source-tracking performances were evaluated for various source intensities and positions. RESULTS The detector module attached to the collimator could discriminate the 192Ir point source with about 3.4% detection efficiency when including the total counts in the entire deposited energy region. As the result of collimator optimization, hole size, thickness, and length were determined to be 0.5, 0.2, and 45 mm, respectively. Accordingly, the source intensities and positions also were successfully tracked with the 3-D SPECT imaging system when the C-arm was rotated within 110° in 2 seconds. CONCLUSIONS We expect that this system can be effectively implemented for online IGABT and in vivo patient dose verification.
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