Carbon emission reduction decisions of supply chain differential game under different government intervention models

The environmental deterioration caused by carbon emissions has enhanced people’s awareness of environmental protection. Governments, businesses and consumers are expected to reduce carbon emissions while ensuring their daily activities. Therefore, based on the background of carbon emission reduction, this paper explores the impact of different low-carbon subsidy methods of government on supply chain decision-making. Through analysis and solutions, the main research conclusions are as follows: the government’s subsidy model will not affect the retailer’s low-carbon publicity level and the manufacturer’s cost-sharing rate. However, the government subsidy coefficient will affect the carbon emission reduction level, carbon emission reduction yield, low-carbon goodwill, the manufacturer’s profit and the retailer’s profit. If the manufacturer and the retailer aim only to maximize profits, the government subsidies based on carbon emission reduction yield will not be the optimal choice, which is mainly because the government only considers carbon emission reduction yield and not carbon emission reduction cost. On the contrary, if both take into account carbon emission reduction, the government subsidy to consumers will not be the optimal choice. Finally, according to the analysis and discussion, we can get some management enlightenment and suggestions.