发光
堆积
氢键
材料科学
芴酮
差示扫描量热法
结晶学
荧光粉
光化学
荧光
分子
化学
聚合物
光电子学
有机化学
芴
光学
复合材料
物理
热力学
作者
Mao‐Sen Yuan,Dong-En Wang,Pengchong Xue,Wenji Wang,Jian-Chun Wang,Qin Tu,Zhiqiang Liu,Yang Liu,Yanrong Zhang,Jinyi Wang
摘要
Organic solid-state luminescence switching (SLS) materials with the ability to reversibly switch the luminescence by altering the mode of molecular packing without changing the chemical structures of their component molecules have attracted considerable interest in recent years. In this work, we design and synthesize a new class of 2,7-diphenylfluorenone derivatives (compounds 1–6) that exhibit prominent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties with high solid-state fluorescence quantum yields (29–65%). Among them, 2,7-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-one (2) and 2,7-bis(4-ethylphenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-one (6) display reversible stimuli-responsive solid-state luminescence switching. Compound 2 transforms between red and yellow crystals (the emission wavelength switches between 601 and 551 nm) under the stimuli of temperature, pressure, or solvent vapor. Similarly, compound 6 exhibits SLS behavior, with luminescence switching between orange (571 nm) and yellow (557 nm). Eight X-ray single-crystal structures, characterization of the photophysical properties, powder X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry provide insight into the structure–property relationships of the solid-state fluorescence behavior. The results indicate that the variable solid-state luminescence of the fluorenone derivatives is attributed to the formation of different excimers in different solid phases. Additionally, the stimuli-responsive reversible phase transformations of compounds 2 and 6 involve a structural transition between π–π stacking-directed packing and hydrogen bond-directed packing. The results also demonstrate the feasibility of our design strategy for new solid-state luminescence switching materials: introduction of both π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding into an AIE structure to obtain a metastable solid/crystalline state luminescence system.
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