A CT scanner is a complicated system made of many components. In order for this scanner to function well, each component must meet a set of stringent requirements, and all components must work well together as a single unit. In this chapter, we start with a system overview to give readers a rough idea of how a CT scanner operates. The subsequent sections present each of the major component in terms of its construction, its functionality, its performance requirements, and its impact on the overall performance of the system.