Technico-economical efficient multiyear comparative analysis of temperature and cycling effect on Li-ion and lead-acid batteries — A case study

This scientific article investigates an efficient multi-year technico-economic comparative analysis of the impacts of temperature and cycling on two widely used battery technologies: lithium-ion- Li-ion (LI) and lead-acid batteries (LA). It proposes a photovoltaic (PV) - diesel generator microgrid to leverage the unique strengths of both battery technologies. The performance and longevity of battery storage systems are critical factors influencing microgrid viability. In this research, we investigate how temperature variations and cycling impact the state of charge (SOC) degradation of Li-ion and lead-acid batteries over an extended period and the other system components performances. The optimal system for the single-year model consisted of 25.1 kW of PV and 65 kWh of li-ion storage, with a corresponding COE of $0.412/kWh. Subsequently, we ran the model with slightly adjusted sizes and Multi-Year turned on to analyze the system's performance over a 20-year project life. The analysis encompasses various aspects including energy storage capacity, efficiency, degradation trends, maintenance demands, and replacement cycles. The economic evaluation encompasses initial investment, operational costs, and long-term financial viability. This study's outcomes are expected to provide valuable insights into both the technical efficiency and economic benefits associated with each system, assisting decision-makers in selecting the optimal PV generator microgrid configuration.