Control of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-resistant Palmer amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>) in dry edible bean

Abstract Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth is a troublesome weed in several agronomic crops, and is a relatively new challenge to dry bean production in western Nebraska. Objectives were to evaluate preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides for control of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-resistant Palmer amaranth and their effect on Palmer amaranth density and biomass, and dry bean injury and yield in western Nebraska. Field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2019 near Scottsbluff, NE. The experiments were arranged as a two-factor strip-plot design. Strip-plot factor consisted of no-PRE, or pendimethalin (1,070 g ai ha –1 ) + dimethenamid-P (790 g ai h –1 ) applied PRE. Main plot factor was POST herbicides, which consisted of various mixtures of imazamox, bentazon, or fomesafen applied in a single or sequential applications at labeled rates, and reduced-rates of imazamox (9 g ai ha –1 ) + bentazon (314 g ai ha –1 ) + fomesafen (70 g ai ha –1 ) applied in single or sequential (two or three) applications. PRE herbicides reduced Palmer amaranth density and biomass during both years, and increased dry bean yield in 2017. POST treatments containing fomesafen improved Palmer amaranth control compared with treatments containing imazamox and bentazon only. The sequential application reduced-rate POST system did not improve Palmer amaranth control compared to one POST application containing fomesafen at a labeled rate in either year. Using pendimethalin + dimethenamid-P PRE followed by POST treatments containing imazamox + bentazon + fomesafen at a labeled rate provided 86 and 99% Palmer amaranth control, in 2017 and 2019, respectively.