Risk Factors for Bladder Neck Contracture following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Patients with Benign Prostatic Enlargement

Introduction: Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms present challenges in aging men, often addressed through transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Despite technological advancements, bladder neck contracture (BNC) remains a concern. This study explores predictors, including comorbidities, influencing BNC after TURP. Methods: A retrospective cohort study at Changhua Christian Hospital analyzed 2041 BPE patients undergoing bipolar TURP. Preoperative urinary catheterization and resection speed were categorized. Patient data included demographics, comorbidities, operative details, and outcomes. Statistical analyses utilized χ2, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Cox regression models. Results: Within 3 years, 306 (15%) patients developed BNC. Univariate Cox regression identified chronic heart failure (p = 0.033), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; p = 0.002), preoperative urinary catheterization (p < 0.001), and low resection speed (p = 0.045) as significant BNC risk factors. Notably, COPD (p = 0.011) and preoperative urinary catheterization (p < 0.001) emerged as independent risk factors for BNC development in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusions: Preoperative urinary catheterization and COPD were significant predictors of BNC post-TURP, while resection speed showed no significant influence. These findings offer clinicians insights for risk assessment, enhancing patient outcomes, and optimizing resources post-TURP.