On geometrical configurations of vibration-driven piezoelectric energy harvesters for optimum energy transduction: A critical review

This paper reviews recent studies conducted on various structural shapes coupled with piezoelectric materials for vibration energy scavenging. We focus primarily on micro and meso-sized geometrical structures designed with piezoelectric transducers to develop harvesters. A comprehensive analogy and contrasts between the reviewed works with regards to their advantages, applicability as well as their demerit are presented. We highlight issues that need to be addressed and potential future research to be conducted. It is hoped that this review will provide useful information in selecting suitable shapes of harvesters for maximum realization of energy from ambient vibration for utilization in various applications.