Emotional reactivity and regulation in 5- to 8-year-old children: An ERP study of own-age face processing

心理学 面部表情 性情 发展心理学 反应性(心理学) 背景(考古学) 情感表达 事件相关电位 情感(语言学) 外向与内向 认知心理学 脑电图 人格 五大性格特征 社会心理学 神经科学 沟通 生物 医学 病理 古生物学 替代医学
作者
Evan Usler,Dan Foti,Christine Weber
出处
期刊:International Journal of Psychophysiology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:156: 60-68 被引量:13
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.07.004
摘要

The school-age years is a period of increasing social interaction with peers and development of emotion regulation in facilitating that interaction. This study was an investigation of the neural correlates of emotional reactivity and reappraisal in typically developing school-age children elicited by threatening facial expressions of same-aged peers. This experimental paradigm is novel in eliciting event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to social stimuli that are ecologically valid to the everyday life of children. ERPs of 5- to 8-year-old children (N = 41, 18 females) were elicited by threatening (i.e., angry and fearful) and neutral child facial expressions, which were preceded by audio contextual cues. Three conditions differed in audio-image pairing: neutral context-neutral expression (neutral condition), negative context-threatening expression (threat condition), and reappraisal context-threatening expression (reappraisal condition). In addition, parental reporting of childhood temperament was collected to determine if elicited ERP morphologies were associated with temperamental dimensions of negative affect, extraversion, and effortful control. Elicitation of the P100 and N170 did not largely differ between conditions; however, amplitude of the late positive potential (LPP), a marker of heightened emotional reactivity and attention, was greater for threatening faces relative to neutral faces. During the reappraisal condition, no differences in ERP activity was observed compared to the threat condition. Neural substrates of emotional reactivity to social threat from peers were evident; however, the lack of ERP modulation facilitating reappraisal and the lack of strong associations between ERP morphology and temperamental dimensions is indicative of heterogeneity in LPP elicitation underlying emotion regulation in children.
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