Epigenetic basis for monocyte dysfunction in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis

CD14型 免疫学 先天免疫系统 酒精性肝病 酒精性肝炎 免疫系统 下调和上调 医学 转录组 肝病 内科学 生物 肝硬化 基因表达 基因 生物化学
作者
Laura Weichselbaum,Abdulkader Azouz,Kinga K. Smolen,Jishnu Das,Marion Splittgerber,Antonia Lepida,Christophe Moreno,Jonas Schreiber,Thomas Sersté,Eric Trépo,Frédérick Libert,Thierry Gustot,Stanislas Goriely
出处
期刊:Journal of Hepatology [Elsevier]
卷期号:73 (2): 303-314 被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2020.02.017
摘要

Severe forms of alcohol-related liver disease are associated with increased susceptibility to infections which are associated with poor prognosis. The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for this altered host defense are incompletely understood.We performed whole blood phenotypic analysis and ex vivo stimulation with various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). We included 34 patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (18 of whom had biopsy-proven severe alcoholic hepatitis [sAH]), 12 healthy controls and 11 patients with chronic alcohol consumption without significant liver disease. We also evaluated the transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) profiles of CD14+ monocytes from a subset of patients.Circulating monocytes and conventional dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with sAH displayed complex alterations characterized by increased expression of both activating and inhibitory surface markers and an impaired pro-inflammatory response upon stimulation with PAMPs representative of gram-negative bacteria (lipopolysaccharide, Pam3CSK4) or fungal pathogens (Zymosan). Their decreased ability to produce more than 1 cytokine (polyfunctionality) upon PAMP stimulation correlated with the risk of developing infection at 28 days or mortality at 90 days. The presence of acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with sAH did not significantly modify the immune profile of monocytes and DCs. Moreover, CD14+ monocytes of patients with sAH displayed altered transcriptional and epigenomic profiles characterized by downregulation of key innate immune and metabolic pathways and upregulation of important immunomodulatory factors.In patients with sAH, the altered transcriptional program and functional properties of monocytes that contribute to patients' susceptibility to infection have strong epigenetic determinants.Patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis are at increased risk of infections, which contribute to the poor prognosis associated with the disease. Herein, we show that epigenetic determinants underly the immune cell dysfunction and inappropriate responses to pathogens that are associated with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
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