神经发生
海马体
神经科学
认知功能衰退
心理学
认知
神经可塑性
海马结构
神经炎症
突触可塑性
记忆巩固
衰老的大脑
痴呆
医学
炎症
内科学
疾病
受体
作者
Luis E.B. Bettio,Luckshi Rajendran,Joana Gil‐Mohapel
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.030
摘要
Aging is a natural process that is associated with cognitive decline as well as functional and social impairments. One structure of particular interest when considering aging and cognitive decline is the hippocampus, a brain region known to play an important role in learning and memory consolidation as well as in affective behaviours and mood regulation, and where both functional and structural plasticity (e.g., neurogenesis) occur well into adulthood. Neurobiological alterations seen in the aging hippocampus including increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, altered intracellular signalling and gene expression, as well as reduced neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, are thought to be associated with age-related cognitive decline. Non-invasive strategies such as caloric restriction, physical exercise, and environmental enrichment have been shown to counteract many of the age-induced alterations in hippocampal signalling, structure, and function. Thus, such approaches may have therapeutic value in counteracting the deleterious effects of aging and protecting the brain against age-associated neurodegenerative processes.
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