Dispersion stabilization of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles used for energy-efficient glass coating

Nano-antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) was synthesized using the sol–gel method. A colloidal dispersion of ATO nanoparticles in distilled water was achieved using a milling process in which different dispersants were studied. In this paper, different factors that affect the stability of ATO nanoparticles were discussed, such as zeta potential, dispersant, and pH value. Sodium polyphosphate was a suitable dispersant for stabilizing ATO nanoparticles in distilled water. A stable dispersion of ATO nanoparticles in distilled water was prepared. The stable dispersion of ATO nanoparticles was used to prepare nano-thermal insulation glass paint to block near-infrared rays of sunlight.