Comparative evaluation of 1% melatonin gel in the treatment of intrabony defect: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Background : The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of locally delivered 1% Melatonin gel as an adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy (NSPT) in treatment of intrabony defect in Stage III periodontitis, clinically and radiographically using Cone Beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods : This split-mouth clinical trial randomly allotted 44 bilateral intrabony defect (in 22 patients) into two groups were Group I was treated with NSPT with locally delivered placebo gel while Group II was treated with NSPT with 1% Melatonin gel. The primary outcome parameters measured were the intrabony defect fill measured from cement enamel junction (CEJ)- base of the defect (BD), and the difference in the measurement values of CEJ –BD from baseline to 6 month denotes the bone fill and bone volume evaluated at 6 month using CBCT while, secondary outcome being change in probing pocket depth (PPD), Clinical attachment level (CAL) plaque index (PI) and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Results : Both the study groups showed improvements in assessed parameters however, a significant gain in intrabony defect fill was observed in Group II (1.46 ± 0.58) as compared to Group I (0.50 ± 0.38) and change in bone volume for Group I was 21.4645 ± 8.8980 mm3 and for Group II was 51.8418 ± 30.2329 mm3 with p <0.0001.The mean reduction in PPD and gain in CAL was 3.90 ± 0.78 and 2.94 ± 0.80 in Group II and in Group I it was 3.23 ± 0.90 and 1.96 ± 0.80 (p<0.0001). Conclusion : The use of 1% Melatonin gel as an adjunct to NSPT is more beneficial in achieving better clinical and radiographic outcome at 6 months indicates that adjunct use of melatonin gel to NSPT as a Local drug delivery (LDD) holds upper hands when compared to NSPT and Placebo gel alone. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved