Optimization and Simulation of Bifacial Heterojunction Solar Cell with Gradient Doping Using AFORS-HET

Fabrication of solar cells is an expensive and resource-consuming process due to which we cannot use hit and trial methods to obtain the best output results. This simulation work on Heterojunction Bifacial Solar Cell can provide the optimum values of various parameters that affect the output efficiency of the solar cell. Therefore, the cost of redundant fabrication of solar cells can be eliminated. In this study, we have simulated a Bifacial Heterojunction Solar Cell (TCO/a-Si:H(p)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(n)/a-Si:H(i)/a-Si:H(n+)/TCO/Ag). The parameter variations such as emitter layer thickness, uniform vs gradient doping of emitter layer and the back surface field (BSF) layer, and the introduction of texture in the front transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layer were studied and their effect on open-circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (%FF) and output efficiency (%η) were observed. The best outcome with an output efficiency of 16.37% is obtained with the fill factor of 81.93%. At this efficiency, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 613.7 mV and short circuit current density (Jsc) of 32.56 A/cm2 are observed.