Achieving ultra-low voltage fading in Co-free Li-rich layered oxides via effortless surface defect engineering

Cobalt (Co)-free lithium (Li)-rich layered oxides (LLOs) have emerged as promising cathode materials for the next generation of Li-ion batteries, attributed to their competitive market positioning and high energy density. Nevertheless, challenges arise from surface oxygen loss due to irreversible anionic redox reactions, leading to severe voltage and capacity decay that hinder the large-scale adoption of LLOs. Herein, we present an innovative, facile, and environmentally friendly hydrothermal approach to induce surface reconstruction of Li