Assessing the interactive effects of microplastics and acid rain on cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings: Insights from physiological and transcriptomic analyses

微塑料 毒性 超氧化物歧化酶 化学 氧化应激 活性氧 丙二醛 苗木 谷胱甘肽 食品科学 环境化学 生物化学 生物 植物 有机化学
作者
Jiefen Xie,Shaoyan Zheng,Hui Wei,Zhaoji Shi,Ziqiang Liu,Jiaen Zhang
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:952: 175533-175533
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175533
摘要

In heavy metal-contaminated areas, the simultaneous occurrence of increasing microplastic pollution and persistent acid rain poses a serious threat to food security. However, the mechanisms of combined exposure to microplastics (MP) and acid rain (AR) on the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) in rice seedlings remain unclear. Our study investigated the combined effects of exposure to polyvinyl chloride microplastics and AR (pH 4.0) on the toxicity of Cd (0.3, 3, and 10 mg/L) in rice seedlings. The results showed that at low Cd concentrations, the combined exposure had no significant effect, but at high Cd concentrations, it alleviated the effects of Cd stress. The combined application of MP and AR alleviated the inhibitory effects of Cd on seedling growth and chlorophyll content. Under high Cd concentrations (10 mg/L), the simultaneous addition of MP and AR significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD). Compared with AR or MP alone, the combination of MP and AR reduced root cell damage and Cd accumulation in rice seedlings. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed that under high Cd concentrations, the combination of MP and AR altered the expression levels of genes related to Cd transport, uptake, MAPK kinase, GSTs, MTs, and transcription factors, producing a synergistic effect on oxidative stress and glutathione metabolism. These results indicate that co-exposure to MP and AR affected the toxicity of Cd in rice seedlings and alleviated Cd toxicity under high Cd concentrations to some extent. These findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the toxicological effects of microplastic and acid rain pollution on crop growth in areas contaminated with heavy metals, and are important for safe agricultural production and ecological security.
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