[A Real-World Study of the Effect of rhG-CSF on Clinical Efficacy and Flow Cytometry MRD after Initial Induction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia].

To investigate the effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the clinical efficacy and flow cytometry (FCM) minimal residual disease (MRD) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after initial induction therapy in the real world.The clinical data of 44 AML patients who were diagnosed for the first time in the Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and received the initial induction therapy were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether rhG-CSF was used after treatment, these patients were divided into control group and therapy group. The complete remission (CR) rate, duration of neutropenia, incidence of infection, duration of fever, cost of antibiotics drugs, length of hospital stay, FCM MRD, and relapse-free survival (RFS) time were compared between the two groups.The CR rate in the control group was 60%, and 74% in the therapy group (P=0.3429). The duration of neutropenia was (21.28±7.91) days in the control group and (14.79±3.07) days in the therapy group (P=0.0016). The duration of fever was (12.80±7.31) days in the control group and (9.11±7.48) days in the therapy group (P=0.0136). While, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of infection, cost of antibacterial drugs, length of hospital stay and RFS time (all P>0.05). In addition, it is particularly noteworthy that among the patients who finally obtained CR in the therapy group, 66% of them had myeloid precursor cells detected by peripheral blood FCM (accounting for 2.25%±0.99%) at the time of the first release of neutropenia, which was easy to be misdiagnosed as MRD positive.rhG-CSF not only don't affect the clinical remission rate after the initial induction treatment of AML, but also significantly shortens the time of duration of neutropenia and fever, however, it may affect the analysis of peripheral blood FCM MRD detection results when the neutropenia is released for the first time.急性髓系白血病首次诱导治疗后使用rhG-CSF对临床疗效和流式MRD影响的真实世界研究.探讨真实世界中急性髓系白血病（AML）首次诱导治疗后使用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）对临床疗效和流式微小残留病变（MRD）的影响。.回顾性分析在安徽医科大学第二附属医院血液科初次确诊并接受首次诱导治疗的44例AML患者的临床资料，根据治疗后是否使用rhG-CSF分为对照组和治疗组，比较两组完全缓解率、中性粒细胞缺乏（粒缺）持续时间、感染发生率、发热持续时间、抗菌药物费用、住院时间、流式MRD以及无复发生存时间（RFS）等指标的差异。.对照组完全缓解率为60%，治疗组为74%（P=0.3429）；对照组粒缺持续时间为（21.28±7.91）d，治疗组为（14.79±3.07）d（P=0.0016）；对照组发热持续时间为（12.80±7.31）d，治疗组为（9.11±7.48）d（P=0.0136）；对照组和治疗组感染发生率、抗菌药物费用、住院时间以及无复发生存时间等指标比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。治疗组最终获得CR的患者中在首次脱离粒缺时有66%的病例外周血流式细胞术检测到髓系前体细胞（占比2.25%±0.99%），容易被误判为流式MRD+。.AML首次诱导治疗后使用rhG-CSF不仅不会影响临床缓解率，还能显著缩短粒缺时间和发热时间，但可能会影响首次脱离粒缺时外周血流式MRD检测结果分析。.