适体
纳米技术
微泡
表面等离子共振
生物传感器
材料科学
小RNA
化学
纳米颗粒
生物
分子生物学
生物化学
基因
作者
Chao Zhu,Linsen Li,Zijian Wang,Muhammad Irfan,Feng Qu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2020.112213
摘要
Exosomes are nanoscale phospholipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicles released from cells with diameters of 30–150 nm. Their contents reflect significant information regarding the cancer microenvironment from their parent cells, which attracts increasing attention as potential biomarkers for noninvasive early diagnosis. Among their detection methods, aptasensor has been becoming an attractive star with its properties of affordability, easy to use, fast response, high sensitivity, remarkable specificity, and multiplexing capability. This review mainly summarizes the recent advances of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamer-based sensors for cancer and tumor-derived exosomes detection. Firstly, we present a brief overview of aptamers and exosomes. Then, we introduce the exosomal proteins used as potential biomarkers of various cancers, and their specific ssDNA aptamers used in aptasensors. We emphasize eight major types of aptasensors: fluorescent, electrochemical, colorimetric, luminescence, lateral flow strips, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface plasmon resonance, and giant magnetoresistance sensors, based on fabrication methods, bio-recognition mechanism, as well as detection evaluation. The future directions and challenges are finally proposed for aptamers and their more applications in exosomes research.
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