Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the membrane-surrounded structures released by almost all types of cells. Accumulating evidences have suggested that EVs secretion is enhanced under stress conditions and have been associated with a large wide of cellular physiological and pathological processes. In this part, recent understanding about the generation and biological function of EVs was reviewed. Moreover, the role of EVs in renal inflammation and fibrosis and future challenges of EVs study in kidney disease were discussed.