Evaluation of some sulfonamide antibiotics residues in chicken meat samples using in-syringe counter current homogenous liquid–liquid extraction and magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and HPLC–DAD

A sample pretreatment method based on the combination of counter current salting-out homogenous liquid–liquid extraction and magnetic deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed and employed for the extraction of some sulfonamide antibiotics from chicken meat samples. For this purpose, first, a homogenous solution of acetonitrile and deionized water was passed through a syringe barrel filled sodium chloride and chicken meat sample. By doing so, the fine droplets of acetonitrile were produced and collected on the surface of solution. In the following, this phase containing the extracted analytes was taken and injected into deionized water after mixing with [Choline: 4-chlorophenol]+[FeCl4]- magnetic deep eutectic solvent. Then, the magnetic deep eutectic solvent droplets were separated in the presence of an external magnetic field and injected into high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector for quantitative analysis. Based on the validation results, low limits of detection (0.15–0.24 ng g−1) and quantification (0.51–0.80 ng g−1), high extraction recovery (67–78 %), and good precision (relative standard deviations ≤ 5.7 %) were obtainable by using the offered method. Finally, the suggested method was employed for the quantification of the studied sulfonamide antibiotics in various chicken meat samples