The degradation of single-use plastics and commercially viable bioplastics in the environment: A review

生物塑料 生物降解 生化工程 塑料污染 可再生资源 生物可分解塑胶 废物管理 环境友好型 高分子科学 环境科学 工程类 可再生能源 微塑料 材料科学 化学 生态学 电气工程 有机化学 环境化学 生物
作者
Siti Norliyana Idris,Tan Suet May Amelia,Kesaven Bhubalan,Anim Maisara Mohd Lazim,Nurul Aliah Mohd Ahmad Zakwan,Muhammad Imran Jamaluddin,Ramesh Kumar Santhanam,A. A. Amirul,Sevakumaran Vigneswari,Seeram Ramakrishna
出处
期刊:Environmental Research [Elsevier]
卷期号:231: 115988-115988 被引量:36
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115988
摘要

Plastics have become an integral part of human life. Single-use plastics (SUPs) are disposable plastics designed to be used once then promptly discarded or recycled. This SUPs range from packaging and takeaway containers to disposable razors and hotel toiletries. Synthetic plastics, which are made of non-renewable petroleum and natural gas resources, require decades to perpetually disintegrate in nature thus contribute to plastic pollution worldwide, especially in marine environments. In response to these problems, bioplastics or bio-based and biodegradable polymers from renewable sources has been considered as an alternative. Understanding the mechanisms behind the degradation of conventional SUPs and biodegradability of their greener counterpart, bioplastics, is crucial for appropriate material selection in the future. This review aims to provide insights into the degradation or disintegration of conventional single-use plastics and the biodegradability of the different types of greener-counterparts, bioplastics, their mechanisms, and conditions. This review highlights on the biodegradation in the environments including composting systems. Here, the various types of alternative biodegradable polymers, such as bacterially biosynthesised bioplastics, natural fibre-reinforced plastics, starch-, cellulose-, lignin-, and soy-based polymers were explored. Review of past literature revealed that although bioplastics are relatively eco-friendly, their natural compositions and properties are inconsistent. Furthermore, the global plastic market for biodegradable plastics remains relatively small and require further research and commercialization efforts, especially considering the urgency of plastic and microplastic pollution as currently critical global issue. Biodegradable plastics have potential to replace conventional plastics as they show biodegradation ability under real environments, and thus intensive research on the various biodegradable plastics is needed to inform stakeholders and policy makers on the appropriate response to the gradually emerging biodegradable plastics.
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