Recent advances of metal-organic frameworks and MOF-derived materials based on p-block metal for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

In recent years, reducing carbon emissions to achieve carbon neutrality has become an urgent issue for environmental protection and sustainable development. Converting CO2 into valuable chemical products through electrocatalysis powered by renewable electricity exhibits great potential. However, the electro-reduction of CO2 heavily relies on efficient catalysts to overcome the required energy barrier due to the high stability of CO2. P-block metal-based MOFs and MOF-derived catalysts have been proven to be efficient catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to their unique electronic structure and clear active sites. However, factors such as conductivity and stability limit the practical application of p-block metal-based MOFs and MOF-derived catalysts. In this review, we summarize the latest progress of MOFs and MOF-derived catalysts based on typical p-block metals in the field of CO2RR. Then the modification strategies for MOFs-based catalysts and the related catalytic mechanism are briefly introduced. Furthermore, we offer the challenges and prospects of p-block metal-based MOFs and MOF-derived catalysts in the hope of providing guidance for potential applications.