The increasing importance of atmospheric demand for ecosystem water and carbon fluxes

生物群落 环境科学 蒸散量 生态系统 陆地生态系统 植被(病理学) 生态水文学 大气科学 气候变化 生态学 医学 生物 地质学 病理
作者
Kimberly A. Novick,Darren L. Ficklin,Paul C. Stoy,C. A. Williams,Gil Bohrer,A. Christopher Oishi,S. A. Papuga,Peter D. Blanken,Asko Noormets,Benjamin N. Sulman,Russell L. Scott,Lixin Wang,Richard P. Phillips
出处
期刊:Nature Climate Change [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:6 (11): 1023-1027 被引量:1049
标识
DOI:10.1038/nclimate3114
摘要

During periods of hydrologic stress, vegetation productivity is limited by soil moisture supply and atmospheric water demand. This study shows that atmospheric demand has a greater effect in many biomes, with implications for climate change impacts. Soil moisture supply and atmospheric demand for water independently limit—and profoundly affect—vegetation productivity and water use during periods of hydrologic stress1,2,3,4. Disentangling the impact of these two drivers on ecosystem carbon and water cycling is difficult because they are often correlated, and experimental tools for manipulating atmospheric demand in the field are lacking. Consequently, the role of atmospheric demand is often not adequately factored into experiments or represented in models5,6,7. Here we show that atmospheric demand limits surface conductance and evapotranspiration to a greater extent than soil moisture in many biomes, including mesic forests that are of particular importance to the terrestrial carbon sink8,9. Further, using projections from ten general circulation models, we show that climate change will increase the importance of atmospheric constraints to carbon and water fluxes in all ecosystems. Consequently, atmospheric demand will become increasingly important for vegetation function, accounting for >70% of growing season limitation to surface conductance in mesic temperate forests. Our results suggest that failure to consider the limiting role of atmospheric demand in experimental designs, simulation models and land management strategies will lead to incorrect projections of ecosystem responses to future climate conditions.
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