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Creation of Cu2O@TiO2 Composite Photocatalysts with p–n Heterojunctions Formed on Exposed Cu2O Facets, Their Energy Band Alignment Study, and Their Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under Illumination with Visible Light

光催化 异质结 材料科学 多面体 八面体 X射线光电子能谱 表面光电压 可见光谱 载流子 纳米技术 结晶学 化学工程 光电子学 晶体结构 光谱学 化学 物理 催化作用 量子力学 生物化学 几何学 工程类 数学
作者
Lingmei Liu,Weiyi Yang,Wuzhu Sun,Qi Li,Jian Ku Shang
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:7 (3): 1465-1476 被引量:183
标识
DOI:10.1021/am505861c
摘要

The creation of photocatalysts with controlled facets has become an important approach to enhance their activity. However, how the formation of heterojunctions on exposed facets could affect their photocatalytic performance ranking had not yet been investigated. In this study, Cu2O@TiO2 core–shell structures were created, and Cu2O/TiO2 p–n heterojunctions were formed on various exposed facets of Cu2O cubes, Cu2O cuboctahedra, and Cu2O octahedra, respectively. These Cu2O@TiO2 polyhedra demonstrated an enhanced photocatalytic degradation effect on Methylene Blue (MB) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) under visible light illumination, because of the enhanced charge carrier separation by the formation of Cu2O@TiO2 p–n heterojunctions. It was further found that their photocatalytic performance was also facet-dependent as pure Cu2O polyhedra, while the photocatalytic performance ranking of these Cu2O@TiO2 polyhedra was different with that of their corresponding Cu2O polyhedron cores. By the combination of optical property measurement and XPS analysis, the energy band alignments of these Cu2O@TiO2 polyhedra were determined, which demonstrated that Cu2O@TiO2 octahedra had the highest band offset for the separation of charge carriers. Thus, the charge-carrier-separation-driven force in Cu2O@TiO2 polyhedra was different from their corresponding Cu2O polyhedron cores, which resulted in their different surface photovoltage spectrum (SPS) responses and different photocatalytic performance rankings.
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