The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

心肺适能 心理学 哌醋甲酯 注意缺陷多动障碍 单调的工作 体育锻炼 听力学 物理疗法 医学 精神科
作者
Mary Tantillo,Christina M. Kesick,George W. Hynd,Rod K. Dishman
出处
期刊:Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise [Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
卷期号:34 (2): 203-212 被引量:151
标识
DOI:10.1097/00005768-200202000-00004
摘要

TANTILLO, M., C. M. KESICK, G. W. HYND, and R. K. DISHMAN. The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 203–212, 2002. Purpose The effects of exercise on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were evaluated by studying the rate of spontaneous eye blinks, the acoustic startle eye blink response (ASER), and motor impersistence among 8- to 12-yr-old children (10 boys and 8 girls) meeting DSM-III-R criteria for ADHD. Methods Children ceased methylphenidate medication 24 h before and during each of three daily conditions separated by 24–48 h. After a maximal treadmill walking test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak), each child was randomly assigned to counterbalanced conditions of treadmill walking at an intensity of 65–75% V̇O2peak or quiet rest. Responses were compared with a group of control participants (11 boys and 14 girls) equated with the ADHD group on several key variables. Results Boys with ADHD had increased spontaneous blink rate, decreased ASER latency, and decreased motor impersistence after maximal exercise. Girls with ADHD had increased ASER amplitude and decreased ASER latency after submaximal exercise. Conclusions The findings suggest an interaction between sex and exercise intensity that is not explained by physical fitness, activity history, or selected personality attributes. The clinical meaning of the eye blink results is not clear, as improvements in motor impersistence occurred only for boys after maximal exercise. Nonetheless, these preliminary findings are sufficiently positive to encourage additional study to determine whether a session of vigorous exercise has efficacy as a dopaminergic adjuvant in the management of behavioral features of ADHD.
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