Physical hydrogels composed of polyampholytes demonstrate high toughness and viscoelasticity

自愈水凝胶 材料科学 韧性 离子键合 生物相容性 粘弹性 聚合物 刚度 软质材料 弹性(物理) 复合材料 纳米技术 高分子化学 化学 离子 有机化学 冶金
作者
Tao Lin Sun,Takayuki Kurokawa,Shinya Kuroda,Abu Bin Ihsan,Taigo Akasaki,Koshiro Sato,Md. Anamul Haque,Tasuku Nakajima,Jian Ping Gong
出处
期刊:Nature Materials [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:12 (10): 932-937 被引量:1872
标识
DOI:10.1038/nmat3713
摘要

Hydrogels attract great attention as biomaterials as a result of their soft and wet nature, similar to that of biological tissues. Recent inventions of several tough hydrogels show their potential as structural biomaterials, such as cartilage. Any given application, however, requires a combination of mechanical properties including stiffness, strength, toughness, damping, fatigue resistance and self-healing, along with biocompatibility. This combination is rarely realized. Here, we report that polyampholytes, polymers bearing randomly dispersed cationic and anionic repeat groups, form tough and viscoelastic hydrogels with multiple mechanical properties. The randomness makes ionic bonds of a wide distribution of strength. The strong bonds serve as permanent crosslinks, imparting elasticity, whereas the weak bonds reversibly break and re-form, dissipating energy. These physical hydrogels of supramolecular structure can be tuned to change multiple mechanical properties over wide ranges by using diverse ionic combinations. This polyampholyte approach is synthetically simple and dramatically increases the choice of tough hydrogels for applications. Polyampholyte hydrogels synthesized from the random polymerization of oppositely charged ionic monomers are shown to be mechanically tough and highly viscoelastic. Strong ionic bonds within the gel act as permanent crosslinks and weaker ionic bonds reversibly break and re-form, enhancing the fracture resistance, shock absorbance and self-healing properties of the materials.
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