生物
菌丝
共生
营养物
营养循环
植物
生态系统
微生物种群生物学
微生物群
生态学
丛枝菌根真菌
菌根
细菌
接种
园艺
生物信息学
遗传学
作者
Lin Zhang,Jiachao Zhou,Timothy George,Erik Limpens,Gu Feng
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2021.10.008
摘要
More than two-thirds of terrestrial plants acquire nutrients by forming a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. AM fungal hyphae recruit distinct microbes into their hyphosphere, the narrow region of soil influenced by hyphal exudates. They thereby shape this so-called second genome of AM fungi, which significantly contributes to nutrient mobilization and turnover. We summarize current insights into characteristics of the hyphosphere microbiome and the role of hyphal exudates on orchestrating its composition. The hyphal exudates not only contain carbon-rich compounds but also promote bacterial growth and activity and influence the microbial community structure. These effects lead to shifts in function and cause changes in organic nutrient cycling, making the hyphosphere a unique and largely overlooked functional zone in ecosystems.
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