Global lake responses to climate change

气候变化 降水 湖泊生态系统 环境科学 生态系统 水文学(农业) 地表水 全球变暖 地理 海洋学 生态学 地质学 气象学 生物 环境工程 岩土工程
作者
R. Iestyn Woolway,Benjamin M. Kraemer,John D. Lenters,Christopher J. Merchant,Catherine M. O’Reilly,Sapna Sharma
出处
期刊:Nature Reviews Earth & Environment [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:1 (8): 388-403 被引量:1039
标识
DOI:10.1038/s43017-020-0067-5
摘要

Climate change is one of the most severe threats to global lake ecosystems. Lake surface conditions, such as ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation and water level, respond dramatically to this threat, as observed in recent decades. In this Review, we discuss physical lake variables and their responses to climate change. Decreases in winter ice cover and increases in lake surface temperature modify lake mixing regimes and accelerate lake evaporation. Where not balanced by increased mean precipitation or inflow, higher evaporation rates will favour a decrease in lake level and surface water extent. Together with increases in extreme-precipitation events, these lake responses will impact lake ecosystems, changing water quantity and quality, food provisioning, recreational opportunities and transportation. Future research opportunities, including enhanced observation of lake variables from space (particularly for small water bodies), improved in situ lake monitoring and the development of advanced modelling techniques to predict lake processes, will improve our global understanding of lake responses to a changing climate. Climate change affects lakes worldwide and is predicted to continue to alter lake ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation rates, water levels and mixing regimes. This Review discusses recent and expected lake responses to climate change and looks towards future research opportunities in lake monitoring and modelling.
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