Trimetallic nanostructures and their applications in electrocatalytic energy conversions

The advancement and growth of nanotechnology lead to realizing new and novel multi-metallic nanostructures with well-defined sizes and morphology, resulting in an improvement in their performance in various catalytic applications. The trimetallic nanostructured materials are synthesized and designed in different architectures for energy conversion electrocatalysis. The as-synthesized trimetallic nanostructures have found unique physiochemical properties due to the synergistic combination of the three different metals in their structures. A vast array of approaches such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, seed-growth, galvanic replacement reaction, biological, and other methods are employed to synthesize the trimetallic nanostructures. Noteworthy, the trimetallic nanostructures showed better performance and durability in the electrocatalytic fuel cells. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent strategies employed for synthesizing trimetallic nanostructures and their energy-related applications. With a particular focus on hydrogen evolution, alcohol oxidations, oxygen evolution, and others, we highlight the latest achievements in the field.