痴呆
萧条(经济学)
危险系数
晚年抑郁症
医学
血管性痴呆
队列
比例危险模型
风险因素
精神科
神经学
队列研究
疾病
老年学
内科学
置信区间
认知
经济
宏观经济学
作者
Deborah E. Barnes,Kristine Yaffe,Amy L. Byers,Mark A. McCormick,Catherine Schaefer,Rachel A. Whitmer
出处
期刊:Archives of General Psychiatry
[American Medical Association]
日期:2012-05-01
卷期号:69 (5): 493-493
被引量:390
标识
DOI:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1481
摘要
Context
Depression and dementia are common in older adults and often co-occur, but it is unclear whether depression is an etiologic risk factor for dementia.Objective
To clarify the timing and nature of the association between depression and dementia.Design
We examined depressive symptoms assessed in midlife (1964-1973) and late life (1994-2000) and the risks of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) (2003-2009) in a retrospective cohort study. Depressive symptoms were categorized as none, midlife only, late life only, or both. Cox proportional hazards models (age as timescale) adjusted for demographics and medical comorbidities were used to examine depressive symptom category and risk of dementia, AD, or VaD.Setting
Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California.Participants
Thirteen thousand five hundred thirty-five long-term Kaiser Permanente members.Main Outcome Measure
Any medical record diagnosis of dementia or neurology clinic diagnosis of AD or VaD.Results
Subjects had a mean (SD) age of 81.1 (4.5) years in 2003, 57.9% were women, and 24.2% were nonwhite. Depressive symptoms were present in 14.1% of subjects in midlife only, 9.2% in late life only, and 4.2% in both. During 6 years of follow-up, 22.5% were diagnosed with dementia (5.5% with AD and 2.3% with VaD). The adjusted hazard of dementia was increased by approximately 20% for midlife depressive symptoms only (hazard ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07-1.32]), 70% for late-life symptoms only (1.72 [1.54-1.92]), and 80% for both (1.77 [1.52-2.06]). When we examined AD and VaD separately, subjects with late-life depressive symptoms only had a 2-fold increase in AD risk (hazard ratio, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.67-2.55]), whereas subjects with midlife and late-life symptoms had more than a 3-fold increase in VaD risk (3.51 [2.44-5.05]).Conclusions
Depressive symptoms in midlife or in late life are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. Depression that begins in late life may be part of the AD prodrome, while recurrent depression may be etiologically associated with increased risk of VaD.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI