环境科学
生态系统呼吸
土壤呼吸
牧场
生物量(生态学)
初级生产
生态系统
生产力
横断面
叶面积指数
放牧
大气科学
陆地生态系统
农学
呼吸
气候变化
土壤碳
生态学
土壤水分
土壤科学
植物
生物
宏观经济学
经济
地质学
作者
Michael Bahn,Mirco Rodeghiero,Margaret Anderson-Dunn,Sabina Dore,Cristina Gimeno,Matthias Drösler,Michael L. Williams,Christof Ammann,Frank Berninger,Christophe Fléchard,Stephanie Jones,Manuela Balzarolo,Suresh Kumar,Christian Newesely,Tibor Priwitzer,A. Raschi,Rolf Siegwolf,Sanna Susiluoto,John Tenhunen,Georg Wohlfahrt,Alexander Cernusca
出处
期刊:Ecosystems
[Springer Nature]
日期:2008-10-14
卷期号:11 (8): 1352-1367
被引量:317
标识
DOI:10.1007/s10021-008-9198-0
摘要
Soil respiration constitutes the second largest flux of carbon (C) between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. This study provides a synthesis of soil respiration (R(s)) in 20 European grasslands across a climatic transect, including ten meadows, eight pastures and two unmanaged grasslands. Maximum rates of R(s) (R(s(max) )), R(s) at a reference soil temperature (10°C; R(s(10) )) and annual R(s) (estimated for 13 sites) ranged from 1.9 to 15.9 μmol CO(2) m(-2) s(-1), 0.3 to 5.5 μmol CO(2) m(-2) s(-1) and 58 to 1988 g C m(-2) y(-1), respectively. Values obtained for Central European mountain meadows are amongst the highest so far reported for any type of ecosystem. Across all sites R(s(max) ) was closely related to R(s(10) ).Assimilate supply affected R(s) at timescales from daily (but not necessarily diurnal) to annual. Reductions of assimilate supply by removal of aboveground biomass through grazing and cutting resulted in a rapid and a significant decrease of R(s). Temperature-independent seasonal fluctuations of R(s) of an intensively managed pasture were closely related to changes in leaf area index (LAI). Across sites R(s(10) ) increased with mean annual soil temperature (MAT), LAI and gross primary productivity (GPP), indicating that assimilate supply overrides potential acclimation to prevailing temperatures. Also annual R(s) was closely related to LAI and GPP. Because the latter two parameters were coupled to MAT, temperature was a suitable surrogate for deriving estimates of annual R(s) across the grasslands studied. These findings contribute to our understanding of regional patterns of soil C fluxes and highlight the importance of assimilate supply for soil CO(2) emissions at various timescales.
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