Recent advances in brain organoids: a comprehensive review of the last eight years

类有机物 神经科学 计算生物学 生物 计算机科学
作者
Yuan Xiong,Ting‐Hua Wang
标识
DOI:10.61958/ndym9750
摘要

Organoids are three-dimensional cellular structures grown in vitro that can self-organize and differentiate into cell types with organ-specific functions, closely mimicking the biological properties of tissues and organs in vivo. Brain organoids, which differentiate into structures resembling brain function, serve as valuable models for medical research, including disease microenvironment simulation, brain mechanism exploration, and drug evaluation. In this review, we analyzed 808 articles retrieved from PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases using the keyword "brain organoids," of which 180 were included. We summarized the research progress of brain organoids over the past eight years by categorizing and refining the findings. Our analysis shows that brain organoids have achieved significant success in simulating brain development in vitro, leading to the establishment and refinement of 3D brain organoid models for disease research. Brain organoids have been widely applied to explore disease-related mechanisms, yielding promising results and opening avenues for further research on the human brain. In this review, we summarize the progress of brain organoids in three areas: culture methods, disease-related research, and brain exploration.
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