To share or not to share? A double-edge effect of narcissism on knowledge sharing in hospitality

Research on the relationship between narcissism and knowledge sharing is not clear in the hospitality industry. Drawing upon the trait activation theory, our research provides a comprehensive theoretical framework that demonstrates the dual effects of narcissism on knowledge sharing. We propose that narcissists hold two types of self-motives (i.e., rivalry-based and admiration-based motives), which shape their different interpersonal perceptions and behaviors. On the one hand, the rivalry-based motive causes employees to experience the feeling of being envied, which hinders knowledge sharing. On the other hand, the admiration-based motive triggers narcissists' feeling of being respected, which promotes knowledge sharing. In addition, the social motive and self-motives have joint effects on employees' behavior. Specifically, the social motive (i.e., group identification) hinders the process of the rivalry-based motive, reducing the negative effect of feeling of being envied on knowledge sharing. Simultaneously, it strengthens the influence of the admiration-based motive, increasing the positive effect of feeling of being respected on knowledge sharing. The results of a multi-wave field study (Study 1) and an experimental study (Study 2) supported our theoretical model. Taken together, this research reveals the pros and cons of narcissism on knowledge sharing and highlights the importance of group identification in influencing this process. Implications in theory and practice are both discussed.