Reference gene catalog and metagenome-assembled genomes from the gut microbiome reveal the microbial composition, antibiotic resistome, and adaptability of a lignocellulose diet in the giant panda

生物 抵抗性 基因组 微生物群 肠道菌群 基因组 基因 微生物学 动物 遗传学 流动遗传元素 免疫学
作者
Shengzhi Yang,Wenwen Deng,Li Guo,Lei Jin,Yan Huang,Yongguo He,Daifu Wu,Desheng Li,Anyun Zhang,Chengxi Liu,Caiwu Li,Qian Zhang,Huailiang Xu,Petri Penttinen,Ke Zhao,Likou Zou
出处
期刊:Environmental Research [Elsevier]
卷期号:245: 118090-118090 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2023.118090
摘要

The giant panda, a strict herbivore that feeds on bamboo, still retains a typical carnivorous digestive system. Reference catalogs of microbial genes and genomes are lacking, largely limiting the antibiotic resistome and functional exploration of the giant panda gut microbiome. Here, we integrated 177 fecal metagenomes of captive and wild giant pandas to construct a giant panda integrated gene catalog (GPIGC) comprised of approximately 4.5 million non-redundant genes and reconstruct 393 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). Taxonomic and functional characterization of genes revealed that the captivity of the giant panda significantly changed the core microbial composition and the distribution of microbial genes. Higher abundance and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were detected in the guts of captive giant pandas, and ARG distribution was influenced by geography, for both captive and wild individuals. Escherichia, as the prevalent genus in the guts of captive giant pandas, was the main carrier of ARGs, meaning there is a high risk of ARG transmission by Escherichia. We also found that multiple mcr gene variants, conferring plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance, were widespread in the guts of captive and wild giant pandas. There were low proportions of carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes in GPIGC and MAGs compared with several omnivorous and herbivorous mammals. Many members of Clostridium MAGs were significantly enriched in the guts of adult, old and wild giant pandas. The genomes of isolates and MAGs of Clostridiaceae harbored key genes or enzymes in complete pathways for degrading lignocellulose and producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indicating the potential of these bacteria to utilize the low-nutrient bamboo diet. Overall, our data presented an exhaustive reference gene catalog and MAGs in giant panda gut and provided a comprehensive understanding of the antibiotic resistome and microbial adaptability for a high-lignocellulose diet.
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