Analysis of Multifactor Influence Model on Energy Dissipation Rate of Rough-Strips Energy Dissipator in the Spillway Bend

The rough-strips energy dissipator (R-SED) is applied to the bottom of the spillway bend and can play the role of energy dissipation and flow stabilization. In this study, based on 18 sets of orthogonal tests and the principle of dimensional analysis, a multifactor influence model of R-SED’s energy dissipation rate was proposed. A dimensionless factor k was introduced, which can reflect the comprehensive characteristics of the geometric dimensions of R-SEDs. The multifactor influence model of the energy dissipation rate considered nine factors, including bend radius of curvature Rc, bend width B, flow velocity of the bend inlet $v$ , R-SED’s average height hL, R-SED’s arrangement angle θ, R-SED’s arrangement spacing ∆L, fluid density ρ, dynamic viscosity coefficient μ, and gravitational acceleration $g$ . The residual sum of squares of the model (RSS) was 6.6% and the correlation coefficient R was 83.2% (>80%), indicating the universality and feasibility of the model. The independent variables of the multifactor model of the energy dissipation rate were ranked according to the Pearson value in descending order: (ΔL/Rc) > (θ) > (B/Rc) > (hL/Rc) > (1/Fr2). This indicates that R-SEDs’ layout parameters showed larger effects on the multifactor model of the energy dissipation rate, compared with the engineering layout parameters of the spillway. The maximum relative error between the predicted value of the multifactor model and the measured value of the validation group was 6.28%, indicating good agreement. In the orthogonal tests, scenario 5 had the highest energy dissipation rate (44.83%) with k = 0.023; scenario 16 had the largest k value (0.043), with an energy dissipation rate of 40.78%. The multifactor influence model of R-SEDs’ energy dissipation rate proposed in this paper was a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical calculation formula, which can provide reference and support for similar practical engineering designs.