Impedance-based online detection of lithium plating for lithium-ion batteries: mechanism and sensitivity analysis

Lithium plating is one of the most severe problems threatening the durability and safety of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, accurate detection of lithium plating is crucial for the health management and charging control of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, an impedance-based method is proposed to detect lithium plating of lithium-ion battery by comparing the normalized charing internal resistance profiles. After verifying that the model-based method is effective and feasible, it was used to analyze the reason and internal mechanism of the detection signal compared with the more frequently used lithium plating detection procedures today. The proposed detection method is more sensitive and accurate and expected to detect lithium plating in real-time during the charging process. Finally, the model showed that the method remained effective and reliable for lithium plating detection when the charging conditions changed. This paper, through the analysis, simulation, and experimental verification of online lithium plating detection method based on charging internal resistance, provides innovative ideas for the subsequent development of lithium plating detection and stimulates potential technologies for future development.