Sol−Gel Glass Immunosorbent-Based Determination of s-Triazines in Water and Soil Samples Using Gas Chromatography with a Nitrogen Phosphorus Detection System

化学 阿特拉津 色谱法 固相萃取 萃取(化学) 三嗪 特布他嗪 西马嗪 基质(化学分析) 乙酸乙酯 吸附 分析物 气相色谱法 检出限 环境化学 杀虫剂 有机化学 高分子化学 生物 农学
作者
Constantine D. Stalikas,Dietmar Knopp,Reinhard Nießner
出处
期刊:Environmental Science & Technology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:36 (15): 3372-3377 被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1021/es020542b
摘要

A rapid and efficient method for the selective extraction of s-triazine herbicides in environmental samples was developed using an immunosorbent of monoclonal antiatrazine antibodies, which were encapsulated in a sol−gel glass matrix. The cross-reactivity of the antibody for analytes structurally related with atrazine enabled the simultaneous extraction of several s-triazine herbicides (atrazine, propazine, terbuthylazine, cyanazine, desethyl atrazine). After trace enrichment on the immunoextraction column, the s-triazines were desorbed by means of an acidic buffer (pH 2.5) and further extracted with ethyl acetate before being injected into the GC. Compared to liquid−liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction with a hydrophobic SDB-L support, the GC-NPD chromatograms obtained after immunoaffinity enrichment of surface water (river water) samples or soil extracts and analysis were free from matrix interferences. Nonspecific adsorption of humic acids was not observed. The method allows for the determination of the herbicides in linear ranges up to 1.5 μg/L with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99 and relative standard deviations between 4% and 7% (n = 5). The LODs for 50-mL water samples were in the range 0.02 μg/L (atrazine, propazine) to 0.1 μg/L (desethyl atrazine) (S/N = 3). In addition to its high selectivity, the immunosorbent proved to be reusable for a significant number of preconcentration runs. However, the composition of samples may influence the lifetime of the column.
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