Cardiovascular variations in patients with major depressive disorder versus bipolar disorder

双相情感障碍 心脏病学 重性抑郁障碍 医学 双相情感障碍 心情 心理学 临床心理学 精神科 锂(药物)
作者
Fei Xie,Linlin Zhou,Qiang Hu,Lingyun Zeng,YanYan Wei,XiaoChen Tang,YuQing Gao,YeGang Hu,Lihua Xu,Tao Chen,HaiChun Liu,Jijun Wang,Zheng Lu,YingYao Chen,Tianhong Zhang
出处
期刊:Journal of Affective Disorders [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:341: 219-227 被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.128
摘要

Differentiating depression in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder is challenging in clinical practice. Therefore, reliable biomarkers are urgently needed to differentiate between these diseases. This study's main objective was to assess whether cardiac autonomic function can distinguish patients with unipolar depression (UD), bipolar depression (BD), and bipolar mania (BM). We recruited 791 patients with mood disorders, including 191 with UD, 286 with BD, and 314 with BM, who had been drug free for at least 2 weeks. Cardiovascular status was measured using heart rate variability (HRV) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) indicators via finger photoplethysmography during a 5-min rest period. Patients with BD showed lower HRV but higher heart rates than those with UD and BM. The PWV indicators were lower in the UD group than in the bipolar disorder group. The covariates of age, sex, and body mass index affected the cardiovascular characteristics. After adjusting for covariates, the HRV and PWV variations among the three groups remained significant. Comparisons between the UD and BD groups showed that the variable with the largest effect size was the frequency-domain indices of HRV, very low and high frequency, followed by heart rate. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each cardiovascular variable ranged from 0.661 to 0.714. The High-frequency index reached the highest AUC. Limitations. Cross-sectional design and the magnitude of heterogeneity across participants with mood disorders limited our findings. Patients with BD, but not BM, had a greater extent of cardiac imbalance than those with UD. Thus, HRV may serve as a psychophysiological biomarker for the differential diagnosis of UD and BD.
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