Exploring potential causal links between air pollutants and congenital malformations: A two-sample Mendelian Randomization study

Observational studies have suggested an association between air pollutants and congenital malformations; however, conclusions are inconsistent and the causal associations have not been elucidated. In this study, based on publicly available genetic data, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to explore the associations between particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), NO