医学
止血
部分凝血活酶时间
凝结
混凝试验
凝血病
肝素
凝血酶原时间
新鲜冰冻血浆
血栓形成
纤维蛋白原
重症监护医学
儿科
血小板
外科
免疫学
内科学
作者
Gianna M. Guzzardo,Katherine Regling
出处
期刊:Neoreviews
[American Academy of Pediatrics]
日期:2022-02-01
卷期号:23 (2): e82-e95
被引量:1
摘要
Developmental hemostasis describes the evolution of the coagulation system from the neonatal period through adulthood. Neonates have lower levels of coagulation factors and elevated screening levels at birth. These levels can be influenced by various circumstances including gestational age, labor effects, and clinical status. The most commonly used screening tests for coagulopathy are the prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen level. These values can be difficult to interpret as every laboratory has its own age-specific reference ranges. An understanding of developmental hemostasis is important when evaluating, diagnosing, and treating clinical manifestations, including vitamin K deficiency, surgical needs, infections, inherited thrombophilias, and inherited bleeding disorders. The mainstay of treatment for bleeding or hemorrhage is platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions. For the treatment of thrombosis, unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin are the 2 most commonly used anticoagulants in the neonatal setting.
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