Engineered T cells and their therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) are engineered recombinant T cells, which were initially used to treat hematopoietic malignancies and are now widely used in the treatment of various diseases. Considering their intrinsic targeting efficiency, CAR-T cells show considerable potential in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, regulatory T cells (Treg), a subset of CD4 T cells exhibiting immunosuppressive functions, have attracted increasing attention regarding CAR-Treg cell production. In this review, we report on recent developments in preclinical and clinical studies on CAR-T cells in autoimmune diseases and provide an outlook on opportunities and challenges of CAR-T application in such diseases.嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T细胞）是经过设计的重组T细胞，最初被用于治疗造血性恶性肿瘤，现在被广泛用于治疗各种疾病。因为其高效的靶向性，CAR-T细胞在治疗自身免疫性疾病方面显示出相当大的潜力。此外，调节性T细胞（Treg）是CD4 +T细胞的一个亚群，表现出免疫抑制功能，CAR-Treg细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的应用也引起了越来越多的关注。该综述介绍了CAR-T细胞在自身免疫性疾病中的临床前和临床研究的最新进展，并对CAR-T在此类疾病中应用的机会和挑战进行了展望。.