Volatilisations of ammonia from the soils amended with modified and nitrogen-enriched biochars

生物炭 化学 环境化学 X射线光电子能谱 傅里叶变换红外光谱 尿素氨挥发 氮气 土壤水分 氢氧化铵 尿素 核化学 无机化学 热解 有机化学 化学工程 土壤科学 工程类 环境科学
作者
Michael Egyir,Deogratius Luyima,Seongjin Park,Kyo-Suk Lee,Taek–Keun Oh
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:835: 155453-155453 被引量:20
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155453
摘要

Biochar's capacity to abate NH3 emissions from fertilised agricultural soils may be enhanced through both modifications and formulation of slow-release biochar-based N fertilisers but there is a dearth of data in this area. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were used to modify biochars which are denoted as BSAD, BHPO and BKOH, respectively. Nitrogen (N) enrichment was performed using urea and ammonium nitrate and the enriched biochars are denoted as BUR and BAN, respectively. The biochars were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ammonia abatement potentials of both the modified and N-enriched biochars were assessed in the incubation experiments which lasted for 30 days. Urea was used as a control while non-modified biochar (PrBC) was included for comparison. Compared to the control, PrBC, BKOH, BHPO, BSAD, BUR and BAN attenuated gaseous NH3 emissions by 57.62%, 63.06%, 73.23% and 74.85%, 79.93% and 82.88%, respectively. Biochar modifications increased the content of oxygen containing surface groups especially carboxyl and sulphoxide in the case of BSAD as depicted from the instrumental analysis data, which most probably increased the sorption of NH3 and its transformation to nitrates thus, resulting in a higher NH3 abatement capacity than that of PrBC. XPS data indicated that N-enrichment resulted in reactions of N with the surface groups of biochar which slowed its release, concomitantly lowering NH3 volatilisation better than even the modified biochars.
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